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ltt] s/]nf pTkfbg k|ljlw

       ltt] s/]nf g]kfndf km;L{ ;d"xsf] t/sf/Lx? dWo] Ps nf]slk|o t/sf/L xf] . of] t/sf/L w]/} d"Nojfg xf] lsgeg] o;df kf]if0f tyf cf}ifwL u'0f /x]sf] 5. o;df k|r'/ dfqfdf kmnfd tyf le6fdLg ;L kfO{G5 . o;sf] kmn h'sfgfifs tyf k]6sf] ;d:ofnfO{ lgsf] kfg{ lrlgG5 . o;sf] lgiffl/t emf]nn] sn]hf] / km];f] :knLgsf] ;d:ofnfO{ lgsf] kfb{5 . o;sf] lgiffl/t emf]n xNsf g"g ;+u vfP/ lztnf dftf÷ljkm/df klg k|of]u ul/G5 . lj?jfsf] kfp8/ s'i6sf] 3fp tyf cN;/df n]k nufpg pko"Qm dflgG5 . o;df (@=$Ü kfgL, !=^Ü k|f]6Lg, )=@Ü lrNnf] kbfy{, )=*Ü vlgh tTj, )=* Ü/];f, $=@Ü sf]jf]xfO8«8, )=)@Ü SofN;Lod, )=)&Ü kmf;kmf]/; / kmnfd @=@ÜkfOG5 .

xfjfkfgL

     udL{ / cfb| df};d s/]nf v]tLsf] nfuL pko"Qm x'G5 . of] t'iff/f] ;xg g;Sg] t/sf/L xf] . w]/} jiff{sf] ;fy} afbn nfu]sf] df}zdn] w]/} lsl;dsf /f]u tyf ls/fx?nfO{ lgDTofpF5 . w]/} lr;f]n] s/]nfsf] a[l4 ljsf; tyf kmn lbgdf l9nf] kfb{5 . dWod vfnsf] df}zddf ;fn} el/ o;sf] v]tL ug} ;lsG5 .

hUufsf] t}of/L tyf /f]kfO{sf] ;do

       ltt] s/]nf x'g t s'g} df6f]df v]t Lug{ ;lsG5 t/ bf]d6 / dlnfn] anf}6] bf]d6 k|ful/s kbfy{ k|z:t ePsf] Pj+ /fd|f/L dn xfn]sf] df6f] pko"Qm x'G5 . s+s|L6 ePsf] tyf kfgL hDg] df6f] o;sf] v]tLsf] nfuL /fd|f] dflgb}g . df6f]sf] kL=P;=dfg %=%–& ;Dd rflxG5 . @–# k6s b]zL xnf]n] hf]Tg' k5{ cyjf vfN6f]df /f]Kg' !%–@) ;]=dL= ulx/f] vGbf /fd|f] x'G5 . kfgL hDg ;Defjgf ePsf] 7fFpdf slxn] sfxL 8\ofË p7fP/ o;sf] v]tL ug]{ ul/G5 .

@ klxnf] k6s a;Gt] df};ddf –g;{/L Jof8df j]gf{ pdf/]/ df3 kmfu'gdf j]gf{ ;fl/G5 .

@ bf>f] k6s jiff{ df};ddf –l;w} ljp j]i7 ciff9df /f]lkG5 .

@ t];|f] k6s lxpFb] df};ddf – sflt{s d+;L/df ju/df vfN6f] vg]/ l;w}+ ljp /f]lkG5 .

/f]Kg] t/Lsf

ljp÷j]gf{ !–@ kmL6 Jof;sf] vfN6f]df !=% dL6/ klQm b]lv k+lQm / &) ;]=dL= lj?jf b]lv lj?jfsf] b'/Ldf /f]lkg' k5{ . t/ jiff{df !=% dL= !=@%dL= sf] b'/Ldf /f]lkg' k5{ . vfN6f]df ljp /f]Kbf #–$ j6f ljp Ps 7fFpdf /f]Kg' k5{ . ha $–% kftsf] lj?jf x'G5 clg Ps b'O{ j6f j]gf{ 5f]8]/ sdhf]/ lj?jfnfO{ kmfNg'k5{ .

ljpb/

a;Gtdf !%) b]lv @)) u|f= / jiff{df !))–!@% u|f= k|lts¶fsf b/n] ljp rflxG5 .

k|ful/s dn / /;folgs dn

       gfO6«f]hg @ ls=u|f= / kmf/kmf]/; @ ls=u|f= k|lt s¶f rflxG5 . kmnsf] ljsf;df kf]6f;n] w]/} e'ldsf v]Nb}g . cfwf efu gfO6«f]hg / k'/} efu kmf;kmf]/; /f]kfO{sf] a]nf df6f]df /fd|/L ld;fOG5 . ! 6g k|lt s¶f k|ful/s dn /f]Kg'' eGbf !) lbg cuf8L clGtd hf]tfO{ ;=u df6f]df /fd|/L ld;fpg' k5{ . afFsL cfwL efu gfO6«f]hg @ k6s u/L -klxnf] nx/f cfpg z'? ePdf / bf>f] km'n km'Ng] cj:yfdf_ 6k8«]; ug'{ k5{ .

hftx?

k';f b]fdf};dL M of] xl/of], nfdf] udL{ / jiff{ df};ddf x'g], w]/} kmn nfUg] %% lbgdf klxnf] kmn nfUg], &÷* ;]=dL=nfdf] / dWod vfnsf] df]6f] kmn x'g] hft xf] .

SjoDa6f]/ nfdf] M o;sf] kmn nfdf], slnnf], ;]tf], nx/fdf w]/} kmn nfUg], km}lng] / jiff{ df};dsf] nfuL pko'Qm x'g] hft xf] .

csf{xl/t M o;sf] dWod cfsf/sf] kmn x'g], 8'Ëf cfsf/sf] kmn, xl/of] /+usf], df]6f] af]qmf, dWod lttf]kgf / ljp sd x'G5 . of] udL{ tyf jiff{ bj} df};ddf x'g] t/ jiff{df a9L pTkfbg lbG5 . of] !))–!!) lbgdf # SjLG6n k|lts¶f pTkfbg lbG5 .

;L=cf]=! M of] !^)–!*) ;=dL=nfdf] ;]tf] wsf{ ePsf] kmn nfUg], %))–&%) u|f=sf] kmn, !#% lbgdf ^ SjLG6n k|lts¶f pTkfbg lbg] hft xf] .

;L=cf]=@ M o;sf] kmn #) ;]=dL= nfdf] xNsf xl/of] ;]tf], !)%–!@) lbgdf !! SjL=÷s¶f ;Dd pTkfbg lbG5 . of] afSnf] v]tL ug{ w]/} pko'Qm hft xf] .

Pd=8L=o'= M of] sd km}lng], xl/of]df ;]tf] wsf{ x'g], dWod nDafO{sf] sl/j &) ;]=dL=sf], !$# lbgdf !) SjL=÷s¶f pTkfbg lbG5 .

k';f ljz]if M o;sf] nx/f ;fgf] x'g], afSnf] v]tLsf] nfuL pok'Qm x'g], kmn rlDsnf], xl/of] dWod nfdf] df]6f], / %)–^) lbgdf klxnf] kmn lbg] hft xf] .

uf]8d]n / l;rf+O{

o;df @÷# k6s uf]8d]n ug'{k5{ . df};d / df6f] cg';f/ k|To]s *–!% lbgdf l;+rfO{ ug'{kg]{ x'G5 .

/f]u, ls/f Joj:yfkg

/ftf] vK6] ls/fsf] nfuL ;]ljg @Ü w'nf] jf @ u|f= k|lt kfgLsf] b/n] :k|] ug'{ k5{ .

$)–*)Ü gf]S;fg ug]{ kmn s'xfpg] cf}+;fnfO{ ;]ljg ! u|f= k|lt ln6/ kfgLsf] b/n] # k6s ;Dd xNsf e]nLdf ld;fO{ kmn nfUg z'? ePkl5 :k|] ug'{ k5{ . km]/f]d]g6«ofksf] k|of]u ug'{ k5{ . s'x]sf] kmn l6k]/ hdLgdf uf8g' k5{ .

kmn l6Kg]

slnnf] cj:yfsf] kmn l6Kbf ahf/sf] nfuL pko'Qm x'G5 . cGoyf kx]nf] ;'Gtnf /+usf] kmn b]lvPdf kfs]sf] ;+s]t x'G5 . nx/fnfO{ gf]S;fg gk'¥ofO{ kmn l6Kg' k5{ .

pTkfbg

 hft cg';f/ kmnsf] pTkfbg @=%–$ SjL=÷s¶f pTkfbg x'G5 .