मु‌ग खेती

Df'+u aLp pTkfbg k|ljlw

@>Leujfg 7fs'/

Kfl/roM

d'+u Pp6f Hofb} dxTjk"0f{ sf];]afnL xf] . d'+udf cGo bfn afnLx¿sf] t'ngfdf ;lhn} krfpg ;lsg] , bfn / bfndf]6sf] nflu nf]slk|o /x]sf] 5 . o;af6 e'lhof, kfk8 / n8\8' h:tf kl/sf/x¿ agfpg klg k|of]u ul/G5 . o;df @$ k|ltzt k|f]l6g, %^=& Ü sfjf]{xfO8]«6, ! Ü lrNnf] kbfy{, #=% Ü vlgh kbfy{ -kmnfd, SofN;Lod, km;kmf]/;, DoflUglzod, ;f]l8od, tfdf, ;Nkm/ _ tyf s]xL le6fldgx¿ kfOgfn] afn, a[4, o'jf tyf lj/fdLsf] nfuL vfgdf pQd lz4 ePsf] 5 . of] afnLn] k|lt jif{ ^#–#$@ lsnf] gfO6«f]hg k|ltafnL hDdf ub{5 .

d'+usf] v]tL g]kfnsf] t/fO{ , leqL dw]z tyf dWo kxf8df ul/G5 d'+u t/fO{ tyf leqL dw]zdf ux'F , d';'/f], cfn', tf]/L cfuf}6] t/sf/L leqofP kl5 vfnL /flvg] hUufdf 5f]6f] ;dodf kmfObf k|fKt ug{ ;lsg] afnL xf] . kxf8df a}zfv b]lv ebf};Dd Psn jf ldl>t, cfnLdf jf au}+rfleq ldl>t afnLsf]

?kdf nufpg ;lsG5 . d'+usf] v]tL lbgfg'lbg Jofks ¿kdf a9\b} uO/x]]sf] cj:yfdf pGgt hftsf] u'0f:t/Lo aLpsf] dfu klg a9]sf] 5 . kmn:j?k u'0f:t/Lo aLp pTkfbg ug{ s[ifs s[ifsx¿sf] cfu'jfO{df ;fd'lxs ?kn] d'+usf] aLp pTkfbg u/L aLpsf] dfu cfk"lt{ ug{ tyf ;d'x s[ifsx?sf] cfocfh{g ;d]tdf ;xof]u k'Ug] 5 .

u'0f:t/Lo aLp pTkfbg ug{ tkl;ndf lbOPsf s'/fx¿nfO{ ljz]if?kn] dgg u/L aLp pTkfbg u'g{kb{5 .

!_ ;d'xsf] 5gf]6 M

aLp pTkfbg ug]{ s[ifsx¿sf] ;d"x 5gf]6 ug'{k5{ . tL aLp pTkfbgx?sf] hUuf ;DejtM Ps} 7fFpdf jf glhs x'g'kb{5 . lxpFb] afnL lnP kZrft v]t vfnL /xg] x'gfn] 5f8f ufOj:t' tyf /f]u ls/fx?sf] k|sf]k klg al9 x'g] x'gfn] Ps} 7fFpdf ;fd'lxs ?kn] aLp pTkfbg ug{' k5{ .

@_ df6f] M

d'+u ljleGg df6f]df ;kmn ePtfklg al9 pAhgL leqfpg kfgLsf] lgsf; ePsf], kfgL ghDg], xn'Ëf], bf]d6 vfnsf] df6f] pko"Qm x'G5 . df6f]sf]  kL=Pr dfg & eP pko"Qm dflgG5 . aLp pTkfbg ul/g] hUUffdf c? afnLsf af]6x? x'g' x'Fb}g . aLp 5g]{ a]nfdf pld|gsf] nfuL xNsf lr:ofg x'g' kg]{ x'G5 .

#_ xfjfkfgL M

d'+unfO{ t';f/f] gx'g], Gofgf] df};d @%–#% ;]= 8Lu|L sf] tfkqmd cfjZos x'G5 . d'+u afnLnfO{ km"n km"Ng] ;do b]lv aLp kfSg] a]nf;Dd lr:ofgsf] cefj x'g' x'b}g . cGoyf aLpsf] pTkfbg 36\5 . jiff{ / cfb|{tf al9 ePdf /f]usL/fx?sf] k|sf]k a9\g] l9nf] kfSg] x'G5 . 5f]6f] lbgsf] cjlwdf afnL rfF8f] km'Ng] / kmNg] x'G5 eg] nfdf] lbgx?df afnL kfSg l9nf] x'G5 .

$_ hldgsf] tof/L M

a;Gt] d'+u nufpg ux'F, d';'/f] , rgf , cfn' , tf]/L , cuf}6] t/sf/L lnP kl5 t'?Gt} hldgdf lr:ofg 5b}+ -geP l;+rfO{ ug]{_ @–# k6s hf]tL df6f] a'a'{/fpFbf] u/fP/ kf6f nufO{ ;DofOG5 . s]xL lbg c? cjf5gLo aLp pld|g 5f]l8G5 . kl5 ! k6s hf]tL aLp 5?jf 5/]/ nufOG5 .

%_ aLpsf] >f]t M– s[ifsx?n] pTkfbg ug]{ oyfy{ ;+s]t kq k|fKt aLp pTkfbg ug{ ljZjglo >f]taf6 z'4 >f]t aLpsf] Joj:yf ug{' kb{5 .

d'+usf hftx?M

qm=;=	hft	pGdf]lrt jif{	kfSg] lbg	pTkfbg Ifdtf -6g÷x]=_	l;kmfl/; ul/Psf] If]q
!=	sNof0f	@)^#	^)	!=*	t/fO{, leqL dw]z, dWokxf8sf j]zL If]q
@=	k|ltIff	@)^#	^#	!=^	t/fO{, leqL dw]z, dWokxf8sf j]zL If]q
#=	k';f j}zfifL	@)#@	^)	!=%	t/fO leqL dw]z

>f]tM Gffs{

d'Ësf hftx?	cfjZos hUufsf] lsl;d	ljlzi6 u'0fx?
sNof0f	wfgv]tL kZrft\ afFemf] /xg] cw{l;+lrt jf l;+l~rt dWod vfnsf] hUufdf / ds}afnL;F+u ldl>t jfnL jf ds} kfs]kl5 ;f]lx hUufdf klg nufpg ;lsG5	o; hftsf] la?jfsf] prfO xf]rf] x'g] -#@ ;]=ld=_ , aLp /f]k]b]lv %) lbgdf klxnf] l6kfO{ ug{ ;sLg] / &) lbgdf bf;|f] k6ssf] l6kfOdf *% Ü eGbf a9L sf];f l6Kg ;lsg], uf9f v}/f] /Ësf df]6f / cfsif{s sf];f, ksfpFbf bfn l56f] kfSg], bfndf]7 agfpg clt pko'Qm, vfFbf uGw gcfpg] . s[ifssf] Joj:yfkgdf ^*^ ls=u|f=k|ltx]S6/  cf}ift pTkfbg  / /fd|f] Joj:yfkg u/]sf] v08df () ls= u|f= k|lt /f]kgL -!*)) ls=u|f= k|ltx]S6/ ;Dd_ pTkfbg lng ;lsg] .
k|tLIff	wfgv]tL kZrft\ afFemf] /xg] cw{l;+lrt jf l;+l~rt hUuf dWod vfnsf] hUufdf / ds}jfnL;F+u ldl>t afnL jf ds} kfs]kl5 ;f]lx hUufdf klg nufpg ;lsG5 .	o; hftsf] aLp /f]k]b]lv klxnf] l6kfO{ %@ lbgdf ug{ ;lsg], bf];|f] l6kfO{ df *% Ü eGbf a9L sf];f l6kfO{ ug{ ;lsg], k|ltsf];f bfgfsf] ;+ª\Vof /fd|f] ePsf]-!)_, xNsf v}/f] sf];fsf] /Ësf], df]6f] / cfsif{s sf];f x'g] . o:sf] pTkfbg s[ifssf] Joj:yfkgdf #%  ls= u|f= k|lt /f]kgL cf}ift pTkfbg  -^()  ls=u|f= k|ltx]S6/_  / t/ /fd|f] Joj:yfkg u/]sf] v08df !)) ls=u|f= k|lt /f]kgL;Dd pTkfbg lng ;lsG5 .

^_ dnvfbsf] k|of]u M

hUufsf] dlnnf]kgf cg';f/ pknAw eP;Dd uf]7]dn @)–@% 8f]sf] , @ ls=u|f= 8L=P=kL / !=% ls=u|f= Do"/]6 ckm kf]6f; k|lt /f]kgLsf] b/n] k|of]u ug'{kb{5 .

d'+usf] h/fdf gfO6«f]hg dn x'g] luvf{ agfpg] ePsf]n] gfO6«f]hg dn al9 xflnPdf la?jfsf] jfg:klts ljsf;  al9 x'g] / sf]zf sd jf gnfUg] klg x'G5 . klxnf] k6s d'+u nufpbf ljutdf d'+u nufOPsf] v]tjf6 df6f] NofO{ pQm v]tdf 5g'{kb{5 . /fOhf]ljod hLjf0f'n] aLp pkrf/ ug'{ kb5{ . gfO6«f]hg dnsf] sdLsf] nIf0f b]lvPdf #–$ u|f= o"/Lof d"l/of k|lt nL6/ kfgLsf] b/n] :k|] ug'{kb{5 .

&_ afnL nufpg] ;do M

d'+u afnL ux'F, d;'/f], cfn', tf]/L, cuf}t] lxpFb] t/sf/L lnP kl5 r}qsf] klxnf]  xKtfb]lv a}zfvsf] klxnf] xKtf;Dd 5bf{ /fd|f] pTkfbg x'G5 .

*_ aLp b/ M

d'+usf] aLp pTkfbg ubf{ d'+usf] hft / df};d cg';f/ ! ls=u|f k|lt /f]kgLsf] b/n] 5g'{ kb{5 .

 (_ aLp 5g]{ ljlw M

d'+usf]  aLp b'O{j6f ljlwn] 5g'{kb{5 .

s= 5?jf ljlwM

hldg hf]tL /fd|/L ;DofP kl5 Psgf;;Fu xftn] aLp 5/L aLp df6f]df ldl;g] u/L xNsf;Fu hf]tL kf6f nufpg' kb{5 . cGoyf aLp gpld|g] tyf r/fn] ;d]t vfg] ePsf] pTkfbgdf x|f; cfpF5 .

v= k+lQmdf nufpg] ljlw M

        xf/ b]lv xf/  – $% ;]=dL

        af]6 b]lv af]6 %– ^ ;]=dL

!)_ aLpsf] >f]t M

aLpsf] pTkfbgsf] nfuL ljZjfl;nf] >f]taf6 u'0f:t/Lo z'4 >f]t aLp -d"n aLpsf]_ Joj:yf ug'{ kb{5 .

!!_ l;+rfO{ M

df6f]sf] cj:yf x]l/ afnLsf] cfjZoQmf cg';f/ afnL kfs'Gh]n ;Dd ;do ;dosf d'+uafnLdf l;rf+O{ ug'{ kb{5 . km'n km'Ng] a]nfdf l;+rfO{ ubf{ aLp pNkfbgdf a[l4 ePsf] kfOG5 . l;+rf+O{ ubf{ kfgL ghDg] u/L l;rf+O{ ug'{ kb{5 .

!@_ uf]8d]n tyf emf/kft lgoGq0f M

d'uafnL emf/kft;+u k|lt:kyf{ ug{ / ;Sg] x'bf+ lj?jf pd|]sf] @ xKtf kl5 emf/x? eP Ps k6s /fd|/L uf]8d]n ug'{kb{5 . afSnf] lj?jf pd|]sf] eP % ;]=dL b'/L sfod x'g]u/L j]8ofpg' kb{5 . k'g M emf/kft b]lvPdf !%–!% lbgdf b'Ok6s ;Dd emf/kft lgsfNg' kb{5 .

!#_ k[ystf b'/L M

k"ik kq kmls|g'÷v'Ng' eGbf w]/} cufl8 g} k/fus0f cjt/0f x'g] ePsf]n] :jo+ ;]lrt :jefjdf afnL  kb{5 . >f]t aLp pTkfbgsf] nflu !) ld6/ / oyfy ;+s]t k|fKt  aLpsf] nflu % ld6/sf] b'/L c? hft eGbf 6fF9f /flvPdf hftLo z'4tf sfod /xG5 .

!$_ a]hft x6fpg' M

d+'usf] afnL cjlwdf sDtLdf @ k6s aLpafnL cg'udg ;ldltsf 6f]nLsf] lgu/LgLdf c? hft, c? afnL, /f]uL lj?jf / ef/kftsf] lj?jfnfO{ x6fpg' kb{5 . o;n] d'usf] hftLsf sfod ug{ d2t k'¥ofpF5 .

!%_ /f]u sL/f  Joj:yfkg M

d+'udf d'Vo u/L bfnafnLdf nfUg] lem+uf / sfnf]  nfxL ls/f d"Vo x'g .

–              lem+ufsf cf};fn] lj?jf pld|gf ;fy sf08 leq k;]/ g/d efu vfg] ub{5 / lj?jf ;'s]/ hfG5 .

–              sfnf] nfxL km'n km'Ng] / sf];f nfUg] cj:ofdf lj?jfsf] /; r';]/ sdhf]/ agfpF5 / ljiff0f' hlt /f]u ;fg{ d2t ub{5 .

–              ls/fsf] k|sf]k ePdf  xKtf xKtfdf 8fOd]yf]P6 ljiffbL @ cfjf 8]l;; ! ld=ld k|lt ln6/ kfgLsf] b/n] :k|] ug]{ .

–              d'+u afnLdf dVotof ;]tf] 9';L yf]Knf] /f]u j]gf{sf] sfnf] 9';L kx]nf] 6f6] kf6] /f]un] gf]S;fg k'¥ofp5 .

–              ;]tf] 9';L M– @)–@^ ;]=u|]=, afbn nfu]sf]] / df6f] lr:ofg sd ePdf /f]u nfU5 . kft sf+8 tyf sf];fdf ;]tf] v/fgL /+usf] 9';L cfFp5 . /f]u nfu]sf] kftx? rfF8} emb{5 / $) Ü hlt pTkfbgdf sld NofpF5 .

Joj:yfkg M –

;Nkm/ % u|f= k|lt ln6/ kfgLdf :k|] ug]{ jf s]/yfg ! ld=dL k|lt dL6/ kfgLsf] b/n] :k|] ug]{

yf]Kn] /f]u M –

a9L tfks|d / ;'Vvfkg ePdf yf]Kn] /f]u km}lng] x'G5 . kftdf yf]Knf b]lvg] / yf]Knfsf] aLrdf v/fgL /+u / lsgf/fdf uf9f v}/f /+usf] clgoldt csf/df yf]Knfx? b]vf kb{5 . yf]Knfsf] aLrdf Kjfn k/]/ kftx? Kfmf6]sf h:tf b]lvG5g\ . o;n] ^) Ü ;Dd pTkfbgdf Xf; Nofp5 .–

Joj:yfkg M –

aLp ;kmf tyf /f]u cj/f]wL tyf ;xgzLn hft nufpg' kb{5 . jlj:6Lg jf ls|nf]S;L;, AnfO6f]S; @ u|f= k|lt nL6/ kfgLsf] b/n] @ – # k6s x'g' kb{5 .

a]gf{sf] sfnf] 9';L M–

of] /f]u aLp hlgt /f]u xf] . aLp c+s'/0f x'b} u/]sf lj?jfsf sfF8 tyf h/fdf sfnf] wAafx? cfO{ a]gf{x? ;8\g ;Sb5g\ .

Joj:yfkg M–

km/s vfnsf afnL -wfg_ nufO{ 3'DtL afnL cKgfpg' kbf{ . ly/fd jf s}K6fg jf jlj:6Lg ! u|f k|lt ls=u|f aLpsf] b/n] aLp pkrf/ ug'{ kb{5 .

kx]nf] 6f6]kf6] /f]u M –

of] /f]u km8\s] / nfxL ls/fx?sf] dfWodaf6 ;g]{ ljiffn' hlgt /f]u xf] . lj?jfsf kftx? Kfx]lng] xl/of] kx]nf] 6f6]kf6] b]lvg], lj?jf ga9\g] tyf sf];f sd nfUg] x'G5 / pTkfbg 36b5 .

Joj:yfkg M –

km8s], e';'gf, nfxL ls/f lgoGq0f ug{ 8fOd]yf]P6 jf 8]l;; ! ld=nL  k|lt ln6/ kfgLsf] b/n] :k|] ug]{ /f]uL lj?jf pv]n]/ hdLgdf uf8g' kb}{5 .

sf];f vfg] ujf/f]÷ em'l;n] ls/f M – nfef{n] d+'usf km"nx? / sf];fdf Kjfn kf/L leq k;]/ bfgfx? vfOlbG5 / 6'Kkfdf ljz]if vfnsf] hfnf] agfpF5 .

Joj:yfkg M Snf]/f]kfO/Lkmf]; jf ;fOk/d]ly|g !=% ld=dL  k|lt nL6/ kfgLsf] b/n] :k|] ug]{ /ftL aQL      kf;f] afNg] .

GfLddf cfwfl/t ljiffbL sf] k|of]u ugf{n] /f]syfd ug{ ;lsG5 .

xl/of] kt/f] M –

ls/fsf] nfdf] ;'F8n] sf];fsf] aLpaf6 /; r':b5 h;n] ubf{ bfgf gnfUg], lrd|f x'g] tyf bfu b]lvg] x'G5 .

Joj:yfkg M –

8]l;;\ jf km]Gen/]6 ! Pd = Pn= k|lt nL6/ kfgLsf] b/n] ! xKtfsf] cGt/fmdf @ k6s :k|] ug]{ .

e';'gf ÷ ly|K; M –

a]gf{ x's]{sf] cj:yf b]lv km"nkm"NGf] cj:yf ;Dd cfs|d0f ub{{5 . cfs+|ldt af]6nfO{ xnfpFbf ;]tf, v}/f /+usf e';'gf h:t} ls/f p8]sf b]Vg ;lsG5 . lj?jf a9\g g;sL cToGt s7f b]vf kb{5 . km"n emg]{ tyf bfgf lrd|f x'G5' .

Joj:yfkg M –

/f]u/, yfof]8fg jf Pl;6fldlk|8 ! Pd= Pn= k|lt nL6/ kfgLsf] b/n] @ k6s :k|] ug]{

ld/L8 sL/f M –

;fgf xl/of] /+usf cToGt ultlzn kt]/f x?n] slnnf kft, sf]lknf, km"n / sf]zf 5]8]/ ljiffn' /;fog 5f]8b5g\, /f]lug] ;'Sg] ub{5 . km"n sf];f em8\g] tyf afnL ;vfk x'G5 .

Joj:yfkg M –

/f]u/, yfof]8fg ! Pd=Pn=jf gLd]S; 3 Pd=Pn= k|ltnL6/ kfgLsf] b/n] :k|] ug]{ .

!^_ afnL l6Kg] M

sf];f l5lk ;s] kl5 # k6s ;Dd sf];f l6Kg' kb{5 . sf];f l6Kf] kl5 8fF7nfO{ x;'jfn] sf6\g' kb{5 jf 3fg nufpbf lxNofpg] a]nfdf df6f]df ld;fpg' kb{5 h;n] ubf{ df6f]sf] pj{f/f zlQmdf a9f]t/L Nofp5 . l6k]sf] sf];fnfO{ l6kL 3fddf ;'sfO{ r'6L ;kmf ug'{ kbf{ olb %)Ü sf];f kfs] kl5 ljxfg lt/ sf6]/ vnLxfgdf ;'sfP/ bfO{ ug'{  k5{ . clg aLp ;'sfP/ bfO{ ug'{k5{ .  clg aLp ;'sfP/ lgkmg] / ;kmf ug'{ k5{ .

!&_ pTkfbg M

d'usf] hft cg';f/ ! 6g k|lt x]S6/ pTkfbg lng ;lsG5 .

!*_ e+8f/0f M

/fd|/L ;kmf u/]sf] aLp ;'sfP/ !@Ü ;Dd lr:ofg sfod x'g] u/L esf/L, lardf xNsf t]n, tf]/Lsf] lkgfdf df]n]/ e+8f/0f ug'{ kb{5 . aLp ;'s]sf] g;'s]sf] hfFr bfFtn] 6f]Sbf s8f cfjfh cfpF5 . e+8f/0fdf nfUg] 3'g / vk6] sL/fx?af6 afSnf] vfnsf] Knfi6Lssf y}nfx?df !–@ j6f sk'/sf u]8f ld;fO{ aGb u/L /fVbf /fd|f] x'G5 . esf/L , lag tyf af]/f g/fv]sf] aLp  !–@ k6s ;'sfpg' kb{5 .

नेपालका लािग अित उपयार्गी रुखकटहर

  g]kfnsf nflu clt pkof]uL kmn ?v s6x/

?v s6x/ ljleGg u|LidsfnLg kmnx? dWo] Ps dxTjk"0f{ kmn xf] . of] g]kfn afx]s ef/t, jdf{, l;nf]g, blIf0fL rLg,dnfof, >Ln+sf, s]gof, o'ufG8f, dn]lzof, lkmlnlkG;, yfOn}08, sDaf]l8of, leotgfd, a|flhn, u|Lid cd]l/sf, a]:6 OG8Lh cflb b]zx?df v]tL ug]{ ul/G5 . ?v s6x/ g]kfndf t/fO{b]lv kxf8;Dd x'g] ljleGg gfdn]  lrlgG5, s6x/, ?vs6x/, sfF8]kmn cflb . ;+;f/sf kmnx? dWo] ;a}eGbf 7'nf] kmn s6x/sf] xf] . of] kmn ljz]if u/L t/sf/Ldf k|of]u x'g] ePsf]n] w]/} pkof]uL dflgG5 . o:sf] u'bL sf]of ;'u/ / le6fdLgx? sf] d"Vo >f]t xf] . o;sf] aLpdf k|f]6Lg, sfjf]{xfO8«]6 / vlgh tTjx? kfOG5 . o:sf] kmndf le6fdLg P / ;L sf] ;fy} cg}sf} vlgh tTjx? kfOG5 . o;sf] cfly{s, ;f+:s[lts tyf wfld{s dxTj /x]sf]n] klg pkof]lutf a9]sf] 5 . oL ;a} ljz]iftfx?n] xfn b]vf kg]{ vfBfGg ;+s6nfO{ tyf s'kf]if0f ;d:ofnfO{ ;dfwfg ug{ clt pkof]uL l;4 x'g] 5 .

Affg:klts klxrfgM

o;sf] ?v ;'Gb/ tyf l;wf s/La #) b]lv &) kmL6;Dd cUnf] ;bfaxf/ ?v xf] . o;sf] kft 6lNsg], afSnf], ( OGr ;Dd nfdf] x'g], tyf ;Dk"0f{ efudf n]l;nf] ;]tf] t/n kbfy{ kfOG5 . bx|f] km"nsf] d'gf ?vsf] sf08 / ;fvfaf6 lgl:sg], slxn] sfxL k'/fgf] ?vsf] df6f]leq /x]sf] h/faf6 lgl:sg] ub{5 . efn] / kf]yL km"n 5'§f5'§} lgl:sg], efn] km"n ;fgf] nfDrf] uf]nf] %­–­!) ;]=dL= t/  kf]yL km"n uf]nf] x'G5. o;sf] kmn ;a} kmn eGbf nfdf] @)–() ;]=dL= nfdf] tyf !%–%) ;]=dL= rf}8fO ePsf] x'G5 .+ o;sf] jhg !)–^) kf}G8; clwsQd !!) kf]G8; -$=% b]lv %) lsnf] ;Dd x'G5 o;sf] aflx/L efu gf]lsnf] sfF8]bf/ afSnf] tyf s8f /a/ h:tf] xNsf kx]nf] tyf ;]tf]–;]tf] af]s|f x'G5 . leqL efu kx]nf] s]/f sf] ;'uGw h:tf] u'bL kfTnf] /Ljg h:tf] efusf]  aLrdf  af]qmfsf] 5]p5fp lt/ vfg] kmn sf];f sf]of  kfOG5 / To;sf] aLrdf  lrKnf] c08fsf/ xNsf v}/f] /+usf], @–$ ;]=dL= nfdf] / !=@% –@ ;]= dL= rf}8f aLp x'G5 . Pp6f kmndf  !)) b]lv %)) aLpx? x'G5 . kmnsf] s]Gb|df cln  nfdf] efu x'G5 . of] k"0f{ ?kn] kfs] kl5  kmn gsf6b} g;xg] ;8]sf] Kofh h:tf] uGw x'G5 t/ kmnnfO{ lr/] kl5 sf];fsf] uGw e"+O{s6x/ tyf s]/fsf] uGw h:tf] x'G5 . o:sf] aLp lgsfn]sf] #–$ lbg eGbf a9L pdf/ zlQm x'b}g . a]gf{ /f]k]sf] !* dlxgf b]lv @=% jif{df kmn nfUg z'? x'G5 .

pTkltM

o:sf] pTklt ef/tsf] a]i6g{ 3f6sf] jif]{ jgdf ePsf] dflgG5 . To;kl5  ef/tsf] c? efudf, blIfl0f Pl;of,, Oi6 OG8L;Lh, lkmlnlkG;, dWo / k"lj{ clk|msfdf km}lnb} a|flhn / ;'l/gfddf k|l;4 ePsf]  xf] .

pkof]uM

of] kmn ;j{ ;fwf/0fn] slnnf] / ;fgf] cj:yfdf t/sf/L, ksf}8f, af8f, kfk8 tyf ljleGg ;d'bfon] ljleGg kl/sf/x?  ljleGg cj;/df agfOg] ul/G5 . of] kfs] kl5 udL{ tyf aiff{ df}zddf laxfg a]n'sf vfgf kl5 vfg k|of]u ul/G5 . ?vs6x/sf] kft lxGb' wdf{jnDaLx?n] >f4df lk08 bfg ug{ tyf s'g} s'g} ;d'bfodf g'jf/gdf clgjfo{ ?kdf k|of]u ul/G5 . t/fO{df ljx]kl5 >fj0fdf >fj0fL tyf s6x/Lsf] ?kdf sf]z]nL b'Nxf kIfaf6 b'NxLsxfF nUg] k/dk/f 5 . o;sf] ?v ;8s 5]p 5]pdf, :s'n,  kfs{ h:tf ;fj{hlgs 7fFpdf ;f}Gbo{tfsf] nflu k|of]u ul/G5 . of] kmnsf] af]6af6 k|z:t kft klt+u/, afv|fsf] nflu 3fF;, bfp/f tyf l5lkPkl5 sf7sf] d'9faf6 cg]sf} kmlg{r/ Pj+ 3/ agfpg k|of]u ul/G5 . of] u/Lasf] nflu laleGg k|of]hgdf clt pkof]uL b]lvG5 . o;sf] kft tyf d'G6fdf cf}ifwLo u'0f ePsf]n]cf}ifwLsf] ?kdf k|of]u ul/G5 .  

cfly{s dxTj

?vs6x/ Pp6f s[ifssf] nflu cfDbfgLsf] >f]t ePsf] dflgG5 . o;sf] kmn kmfNu'g b]lv h]i7;Dd t/sf/Lsf] ?kdf ?= @)–#) k|lt lsnf]sf] b/n] ljqmL x'G5 h'g a]nf ljx]af/L x'g] t/sf/Lsf] k|z:t dfFu x'g] ub{5 . o;af6 ljleGg k/l/sf/x? agf[pg xf]6]n, /];6'/]G6df k|of]u ul/g] ePsf]n] 7'nf zx/x?df dxFuf] efpdf ljqmL ul/G5 . >fj0f efb| lt/ o;sf] kmn kfs]kl5 vfgf kl5 pkef]udf a9L d"Nodf ?=$)–%) k|lt lsnf]sf] b/n] ljqmL ufpF3/ tyf zx/df x'g] ub{5 .

Dff6f] / xfjfkfgLM

of] cfb| u|Lid ?v ePsf]n] !%)) ld6/ prfO{;Dd /fd|f];Fu km:6\ofpg] ePsf]n] kfOG5 . o;sf] nflu cfb|{tf ePsf] udL{ tyf udl{ df}zd pko"Qm dflgG5 . o:sf] nfuL dWood lsl;dsf] lxpFb /udL{ rflxG5 . of] t'iff/f] tyf ;'Vvf g;xg] ?v xf] . 7'nf] ?v @& l8u|L km/]GxfO6 ;Dd ;xg ;Sd] t/ gofF af]6 #@ l8u|L km/]GxfO6 ;Dddf d/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 .

df6f] sf] kL=Pr=  dfg ^–* pko"Qm x'G5 . o:sf] pTkfbgsf] nflu df6f]sf] ulx/fO ePsf] bf]d6 lsl;dsf] kfgL ghDg] t/ lgsf; ePsf] cfjZos x'G5 .

hftM

vfhf, ;km]bf ef/tsf] pt/k|b]z /fHosf] Onfxfafb lt/ x'g], ?b|fIfL blIf0fL ef/t lt/ x'g] .

k|;f/0fM of] ;'fwf/0tof aLpaf6 lj:tf/ ul/G5 . t/ u'6L4f/f ;kmNtfsf ;fy sndL Joj;flos ?kdf k|;f/0f ul/G5 . s6x/ glhs sndLljlwaf6 st} st} ul/G5 .

/f]Kg] t/LsfM

Af}zfv h]i7df !, !dL6/ nDafO, rf}8fO / ulx/fOsf] vf8n !), !) dl6/sf] b"/Ldf vGg' kb{5 . pQm vf8ndf !%–@) lsnf] uf]7]dn, ! lsnf] s[lif r'g, @, # lsnf] lkgf /fd|/L ld;fP/ /flvG5 . nueu ! jif{ pd]/sf] sndL a]gf{sf] s]xL kft x6fO{ ciff9 b]lv sflt{s ;Dd vlgPsf] vf8ndf l;wf /f]lkG5 . Pp6f n7L lj?jf ghLs} uf8]/ af]6nfO c8ofpg' kb{5 . /f]k]sf] lj?jfnfO{ ufO{j:t'af6 hf]ufpg af/ jf ;'/IffTds pkfo ug'{ kb{5 .

km"n km"Ng] / kmNg]M

 lah' -aLpaf6 pd|]sf] a]gf{_ lj?jkf *­–!) aif{df kmNg z'? ub{5 eg] t/ sndL lj?jf ^ jif{ b]lv kmNg x'? ub{5 . efn]/ kf]yL km"nx? Pp6}af]6df cnu cnu -5'6f 5'6}_ x'g] ub{5 .  z'?df efn] km"n u'R5fdf cfpF5  clg kl5  kf]yL  km"n b]lvG5 . efn]  km"n ;fgf] kmn nfu] kl5 eml/xfN5 . t/ kf]yL km"n /lx/xG5 / 7'nf] kmndf ljsl;t eP/ cfpF5 . r}q b]lv h]i7;Dd kmn l6Kg] ul/G5 .

pTkfbgM

Pp6f /fd|f] ljsl;t ePsf ?v hft cg';f/ ljleGg cfsf/sf !))–!#) j6f;Dd kmn lbg] ub{5 .