प्रा‌गारिक मल एक समाधान

k|fufl/s dn Ps ;dfwfg

k[i7e"ldM

          xfd|f] b]z g]kfn s[lif k|wfg b]z hxfF s[ifsx? lgjf{xd'vL v]tL tyf k/Dk/fut v]tLdf nfu]/ hLjg Joltt ug'{ k/]sf] 5 . g]kfn ;/sf/n] @)%$ ;fndf cfjlws bL3{sfnLg s[lif of]hgf nfu' u/L b]zsf] hgtfx?nfO{ vfBfGg cfk'lt{ u/fpg'sf ;fy} ul/jL Go"gLs/0f ug]{ w]o /flvPsf] 5 . pQm of]hgfn] d'VotM ^ j6f k|fylds ;fdfu|lx? dn, l;rfO{, k|ljlw, s[lif ;fdfu|L C0f cflb x'g . g]kfn ;/sf/n] ul/jL 36fpg] /0flgtLn] klg bL3{sfnLg s[lif of]hgfsf] sfof{Gjog kIfnfO{ hf]8 lbg'sf ;fy} ;dfhdf lk5l8Psf] ljkGg u/Lj s[ifsnfO{ s]lGb|t ug'{ kg]{df Wofg lbPsf] 5 .

        ul/jL Go"gLs/0f tyf vfBfGg cfk"lt{df ^ j6f k|fylds ;fdfu|Lx? dWo] dn ;a} eGbf 7'nf] :yfg lnPsf] 5 . dn g} s[lifsf] cfwf/e"t ;fdu|L dflgG5 . olb dn u'0f:t/Lo÷kof{Tk ePg eg] xfd|f] afnL gfnL c:j:Yo, xfd|f] :jf:Yo g/fd|f], ufO{j:t', /f]uL, df6f] klg c:Jo:Yo x'g hfG5 .

dn s] xf] <

         afnLgfnL tyf af]6lj?jfsf] a[l4 ljsf;sf] nflu rflxg] cfjZos kf]ifs tTjx? ePsf] kbfy{nfO{ g} dn elgG5 .

         lj?jfnfO{ a9g, x's{g, a[l4 ljsf; tyf kmnkm"n nfUg !^–!& lsl;dsf tTjx?sf] lgtfGt cfjZos x'G5 .

         lj?jfnfO{ rflxg] !^–!& j6f kf]is tTjx?nfO{ d'VtM b'O{ lsl;dn] af8g ;lsG5 .

!= a[xb kf]ifs tTjM

        kf]ifs tTj h'g lj?jfnfO{ a9L dfqfdf rflXG5 . h:t}M xfO6«f]hg, cS;Lhg / sfa{g logLx? lgMz'Ns k|s[ltaf6 xfjf / kfgLaf6 k|fKt x'G5 . gfO6«f]hg, km;kmf]/; / kf]6f; c? tTjx?sf] cg'kftdf a9L rflxg] ePsf]n] k|fylds kf]ifs tTj elgG5 . logLx? /;folgs cyjf k|fufl/s dnaf6 k|fKt x'G5 . l4ltos kf]ifs tTjx?df ;Nkm/, SoflN;od / DoflUgl;od kb{5 . logLx? k|fylds kf]ifs tTjx? eGbf sd dfqfdf rflxG5 .

@= ;'Id kf]is tTj

         kf]is tTjx? lj?jfnfO{ Psbd} Go"g dfqfdf rflxG5 . To;nfO{ ;'Id kf]ifs tTj elgG5 . h:t} M kmnfd, DofUtLg, df]lnA8]gd, af]/g, lh+s, Snf]l/g, tfjf / l;Nsg .

         oL tTjx? lj?jfnfO{ ljleGg dfWodaf6 k|fKt ug{ ;lsG5 . dn vf; u/L b'O{ k|sf/sf] x'G5 .

-s_ k|ful/s dn   -v_ ck|ful/s dn -/;folgs dn_     -u_ h}ljs dn

-s_ k|ful/s dn M

         k|ful/s dn eg]sf] s'lxP/, un]/, ;8]/, hfg] k|ful/s kbfy{af6 s'lxP/ agfOPsf] dnnfO{ g} k|ful/s dn elgG5 . h:t} M sDkf]i6 dn, uf]7]dn -uf]a/ dn_, xl/of]dn, n]bf] -uf]a/UofF;_ dn, lkgf, dn

• sDkf]i6 dn M

     v/kft, kft kltË/, ;f]t/, 3fF; .e";. k/fn cflbnfO{ hf]/gsf]       ;xof]uaf6 s'xfP/ agfO{Psf] k|f/lus dnnfO{ sDkf]i6 dn elgG5 .

• uf]a/ dn M

     ufOa:t'sf] uf]7af6 lg:s]sf] kbfy{ / ;f]t/, uf]a/, lk;fa, 3fF;, e";,          cflbaf6 s'lxP/ agfO{Psf] k|ful/s dnnfO{ uf]a/ dn elgG5 .

• xl/of] dn M

     l56f] s'xP/ hfg] sf]z]afnL km"nkm"Ng" eGbf cufl8 xl/of] cj:yfdf   df6f]df ldnfP/ agfOg] jf kf]ifs tTjsf] cfjZostf k"lt{ ul/g]nfO{ g}        xl/of] dn elgG5 . h:t} M 9}+rf, s]/fp, df;, d'+u, uxt, 8]:df]l8od,      Snf]e/ cflb

• n]bf]dn M

     ufOa:t'sf] lk;fa / uf]a/af6 ldy]g UofF; uf]a/ UofF; Knfgaf6 k|fKt          u/L vfgf ksfpg, aQL afNg, ldn rnfpg ;lsG5 . cjz]if ?kdf       lgl:sPsf] n]bf]df afnLsf] nflu ljleGg lsl;dsf kf]ifs tTjx? tyf        ;'Id hLjx> kfOg] ePsf]n] n]bf]nfO{ To; l:yt u/L agfOPsf] dnnfO{       g}        n]bf]dn elgG5 .

-v_ ck|ful/s dn -/;folgs dn_    

              lj?jfx?sf] nflu rflxg] cfjZos kf]is tTjx? k|flKt ug{ ˆofS6«Ldf /;folgs k|ltlqmof 4f/f tof/ kfl/Psf] dnnfO{ g} /;folgs dn elgG5 .

/;folgs dnsf] k|sf/         M

!= ;sn /;folgs dn M/;folgs dn h;df Pp6f kf]ifs tTj pknAw x'G5 . c? ;a} lglZqmo kbfy{ x'G5 . h:t} o"l/ofdf $^Ü gfO6«f]hg dfq x'G5 .

@= ;+o'Qm dn M /;folgs dn h;df b'O{j6f tTjx? x'G5g . h:t} M sDKn]S; dn h;df @)Ü gfO6«f]hg / @)Ü km;km]/; tTj x'G5g\ . Pdf]lgod ;Nkm]6 h:df @)Ü gfO6«f]hg / !@Ü ;Nkm/ x'G5 . 8L=p=kL=h;df !*Ü gfO6«f]hg / $^Ü km;kmf]/; x'G5 .

#= ldl>q dn

     /;folgs dn h;df v'O{ eGbf a9L kf]if0f tTjx? x'G5g\ . h:t} M sDkn]S; dn M h;df !%Ü gfO6«f]hg, !%Ü km;kmf]/; / !%Ü kf]6f; x'G5 .

k|ful/s dnsf] cfjZostf

     clxn]sf] g]kfnsf] lgjf{xd'vL v]tLaf6 b't ultn] al(/x]sf] hg;+VofnfO{ vfBfGo cfk"lt{ ug{ cK7fof/f] kl//x]sf] a]nfdf lj?jfnfO{ clwStd pTkfbg lbg ;+t'lnt dnsf] plQs} cfjZostf 5 . g]kfn h:tf] ul/j d'n'sdf /;folgs dnsf] km}S6«L gx'g', aflx/L d'n'saf6 klg ;dodf pknAw gx'g', b]zdf lelqg] a]nfdf af6f]df gf]A;fg x'g', s/ tyf 9'jfgL vr{ dx+uf] ePsf]n] s[ifsx?n] lsGg g;Sg', u'0f:t/Lo dn gkfpg' h:tf cg]s ;d:ofx? ef]Ug' k/]sf] 5 .        ufFp3/sf s[ifsx? /;folgs dnsf] af/]df cjut gx'g' cflb ;d:of ljBdfg 5 .

     hjls xfd|} 3/, uf]7, v]t jl/kl/ w]/} dfqfdf k|ful/s kbfy{x? v]/ e}/x]sf] 5 . ufO{j:t'sf] uf]j/ uf]O7f -bfp/f_ afln/x]sf] 5, v]t vflnxfgdf k/fn, e';, gn, afnLsf] cjz]if /x]sf] 5 . v]tdf dn gksfO{ hnfO{ kf]ifs tTjx? pl8/x]sf] cj:yf 5 . uf]a/nfO{ sfFr} v]tdf xfln/x]sf] cj:yf 5 eg] ;f]t/ ;'sfpg] tyf lk;fanfO{ s'g} jf:tf g} e}/x]sf] 5}g . dnnfO{ v]tdf k|of]u ubf{ ;–;fgf y'k|fdf /flv /xg] tyf sf]z]afnL pv]Ng] k/Dk/f 5 .

     oL ;a} k|ful/s dn;+usf] ;d:ofx?df xfdLn] ;'wf/ ug'{ kg]{ kIf klg w]/} /x]sf] 5 .

• uf]7]dn÷sDkf]i6 dnnfO{ pGgt ljlwaf6 t}of/ ug'{ .
• uf]j/nfO{ Jojl:yt u/]/ vfN8f]df /fVg' .
• ;f]t/ :ofpnf, kftkltË/, emf/kft, afnL, cjz]if, 3fF;, k/fn, e';nfO{ uf]j/÷lk;fa;Fu ld;fP/ txtx /fv]/ s'xfO{ v]tdf k|of]u ug'{ .
• ufO{j:t'sf] lk;fanfO{ ;+sng u/L dn vfN8f]df /fVg' jf afSnf] ;f]t/ k|of]u ug'{ clg ;f]t/nfO{ dn vfN8f]df /fVg' .
• ;+sng ul/Psf] lk;fanfO{ ! efudf $ jf ^ efu kfgL ld;fP/ lj?jfdf k|of]u ug'{ .
• dn vfN8f]df xl/of] 3fF;kft tyf sf]z]afnLsf] cjz]if /fVg' .
• ufO{j:t'nfO{ sf]z] 3fF;, e';, v'jfpg' k|ful/s kbfy{nfO{ lghnfO{ /fd|/L s'xfP/ v]tdf k|of]u ug'{ .
• dnnfO{ g ;'sfOsg v]t hf]Tg] a]nfdf k|of]u ug'{ jf Pp6f 7"nf] y'k|fgf s'gfdf hDdf u/L ljp÷afnL nufpg' !)–!% lbg cufj} df6f]df ld;fpg' .
• dnsf] y'k|f]nfO{ 3fF; k/fnn] 5f]k]/ /fVg' .
• sf]z]afnLn] 3'DtL afnL ckgfpg] .

     olb xfdL dfly pNn]lvt lqmofSnfkx? Jol:yt >kn] ug{ ;lsof] eg] k|:t't dfqfdf k|ful/s dn -sDkf]i6÷uf]7]dn_ t}of/ x'G5 . h;df k|z:t kf]ifs tTjx? klg /xG5 .

     lj?jfnfO{ rflxg] ;a} kf]ifs tTjx? klg yf]/} ax't dfqfdf / x'G5 . Ps k6s xfn]sf] dnn] csf]{ afnLnfO{ ;d]t d2t k'¥ofpg]5 . xfdLn] rfx]sf] a]nfdf kfpg ;lsG5 . ;:tf] vr{df dn t}of/ u/L :jf:Yo afnL;+u ck|b'lift pTkfbg k\z:t dfqfdf lbuf]?kdf lng ;lsG5 .

     ct M xfd|f] b]zdf k|ful/s dn g} s[lif pTkfbgsf] ;dfwfg xf] .