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e"O{lgdf{0f ug'{ kb{5 .vf]/sf] e"FO{If]q lgdf{0f ubf{ lgsfztkm{ # k|ltztsf]
le/fnf] agfP/kfO{ksf] dfWoodn] lk;fjhDdfx'g] vfN8f]dfk'of{pg' kb{5 .h:n] ubf{ e'O{
;kmfx'g'sf ;fy} ldy]g Uof;sf] pT;h{g eO{b'u{Gwx'b}+g .
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ef6f agfO{ lsnfn] 7f]Sg' kb{5 . o:tf] 6fF8 agfO{ afv|fkfng u/]df slS;l8of]l;;
tyflkmt] h\sf sdnfUg] ub{5 .;fy} !)–@) k|ltzt d[To"b/ 36]sf] kfO{Psf] 5 . udL{sf]
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5fgf !@ b]lv #% l8u|L;Dd le/fnf[]x'g ;Sb5 . 5fgf v/ tyf @%–@^u]hsf] jf
)=#@Pd=Pd= hL= cfO{= h:tfsf]x'g' kb{5 .le/fnf] 5fgf ePsf] vf]/df cUnf] efult/
kvf{nsf] pFrfO{ ^b]lv ^=%lkm6 / an]gLlt/ % lkm6prfO{sf] kvf{n agfpg' kb{5 . udL{af6
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u/L v/ cf]5\ofpg' kb{5 . a9L tfkqmdx'g] :yfgdfcw{;wgljlwcyf{t cfwfv'NnfcfwfaGb
ljlwjf6 afv|fkfNg' kb{5 .
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vf]/sf] kvf{n dha'tcyf{t alnof] x'g' kb{5
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;fgf] ßofnnufpg' kb{5 .kvf{n agfpg ;d:ofeP h:tf kftfn] 3]/]sf] x'g' kb{5 .
lrqdfb]vfPcg';f/ cUnf] kvf{nkl§ !=% lkm6sf] nDafO{ rf}8fO{sf] k"j{ blIf0f
lt/ e]lG6n]zgsf] nfluemofnagfpg' kb{5 .pRr kxf8df afv|fsf] vf]/nfO{ cUnf] agfpg' x'b}+g .
hf8f]ofddflr;f]af6 arfpglrqdf b]vfP h:t} h\6sf]af]/f jf Knfli6sn]
vf]/nfO{ /ftL 9fSg' kb{5 / lbgdf 3fd k/]sf] a]nfbf]af/]/ vf]Ng\ kb{5 .
vf]/sf] 9f]sfM
vf]/ agfpFbf % lkm6km/flsnf] / #=##lkm6 pFrfO{sf]
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agfpg' kb{5 .
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kb{5 jf :yfgLoa'g]sf] h'6 jf Knfli6ssf] 7'nf] KjfnePsf] hfnLdf /fvL 3fF;
v'jfpg' kb{5 h;n] 3fF; v]/ guO{ a9L ;b'kof]u x'G5 .
kfgLsf] Joj:yfkgM
afv|fsf]nflu ;kmf, uGwgePsf], cf/;]lgsgePsf]kfgLv'jfpg'
kb{5 .
dn /fVg] vf8nM
Ps Jfo:safv|f]af6k|ltjif{ !#*
lsnf];Dda8sf}nfdnk|fKt x'G5 . a8sf}nfdfePsf] kf]ifstTjnfO{ arfpg, ldy]g
UofF;sf] pT;h{g Go"g ug{tyfb'u{Gwcfpgglbgvf]/ eGbfcln 6f9f dn /fVg' kb{5 .!)lkm6nDafO{
#=##lkm6 rf}8fO{ / #=##lkm6ulx/fO{sf] vfN8f] agfpg' kb{5 .k|lt 3g ld6/ vfN8f]df
&)) b]lv !))) lsnf];Dd c6fpF5 .cdf]lgoftyfldy]g UofF; pT;h{g x'gglbgxKtfsf]
b'O{ k6s vf]/d"lgaf6 a8sf}nftyflk;fj ;kmf u/L vfN8f]df /fVg' kb{5 .
r'gf 5ls{g]M
afv|fdfnfUg] ljleGg /f]utyfsL/fnfO{
Joj:yfkg ug{ vf]/sf] 6fF8dfxKtfsf] Ps k6s r'g kfp8/ 5g'{ kb{5 .
References: (1) NARC, Improved Goat Keeping.
2009. Pp 51, (2) ICAR, 2000 Pp 114. (3)
FAO, 2010 Pp23-25. (4) (Ref. Prashad, C.S.
et al 201. Handbook of Animal Husbandry. Pub. Indian Council of Agricultural
Research, New Delhi. Pp 335-336.
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