Monday, May 20, 2019

जलवायु समानुकुलित बाख्राको खाेर सुधार प्रविधि


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vf]/sf] nflucfjZosIf]qkmnM

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vf]/ agfpFbflrqdfb]vfPcg';f/ hdLgaf6#lkm6sf] prfO{df, &lkm6nDafO{ / ^lkm6rf}8fO{sf] vf]/ agfpbf ;'xfpFbf] x'G5 .


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5fgf alnof] l6sfpkfgLgr'lxg], tfkqmssf] s'rfnstyfcfsif{s x'g' kb{5 . 5fgfkfgLgyfldg] le/fnf] x'g' kb{5 . :yfg / df};d cg';f/ 5fgf !@ b]lv #% l8u|L;Dd le/fnf[]x'g ;Sb5 . 5fgf v/ tyf @%–@^u]hsf] jf )=#@Pd=Pd= hL= cfO{= h:tfsf]x'g' kb{5 .le/fnf] 5fgf ePsf] vf]/df cUnf] efult/ kvf{nsf] pFrfO{ ^b]lv ^=%lkm6 / an]gLlt/ % lkm6prfO{sf] kvf{n agfpg' kb{5 . udL{af6 arfpg ;se/ v/sf] 5fgf k|of]u ug\{ kb{5 cYjf h:tf kftfsf 5fgf eP dflyaf6 v/ !O{GrafSnf] u/L v/ cf]5\ofpg' kb{5 . a9L tfkqmdx'g] :yfgdfcw{;wgljlwcyf{t cfwfv'NnfcfwfaGb ljlwjf6 afv|fkfNg' kb{5 .
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afv|fdfnfUg] ljleGg /f]utyfsL/fnfO{ Joj:yfkg ug{ vf]/sf] 6fF8dfxKtfsf] Ps k6s r'g kfp8/ 5g'{ kb{5 .
References: (1) NARC, Improved Goat Keeping. 2009.  Pp 51, (2) ICAR, 2000 Pp 114. (3) FAO, 2010 Pp23-25. (4) (Ref.  Prashad, C.S. et al 201. Handbook of Animal Husbandry. Pub. Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi. Pp 335-336.



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