au/df t/sf/L v]lt
k|ljlw
|
|
kl/roM g]kfnsf gbL vf]nf lsgf/fsf afn'jfn] k'/]sf, s6fg u/]sf tyf 5f8]sf
clwsfF; e"ld aif{ftdf af9Ln] 9fSg] / lxpFbdf k|of]udf gcfPsf] cj:yf /x]sf] 5 . hnjfo' kl/jt{g, sdhf]/ ef}uf]lns
agfj6, kxf8sf] le/fnf]kgf cflb sf/0fn] t/fO{–dw]zsf gbL lsgf/fsf kof{j/0f
lju|b} u/]sf] / aiff{ x'g] ;dosf] km]/ abnsf] sf/0f af9L tyf ;'Vvf h:tf ;d:ofn]
gbL lsgf/f pkhfp hUuf au/df kl/0ft eO{ /x]sf] cj:yf 5 . oxfF a;f]jf; ug]{
dflg;x?sf] hghLjg lbgfg'lbg hf]vLdk"0f{ x'b} uO/x]sf] 5 . o:tf gbL lsgf/
tyf 5]p5fp afn'jfdf pkef]u tyf cfDbfgL ug{] p2]Zon] t/sf/L pTkfbg ug{' au/
t/sf/L v]tL a'lemG5 . s]xL jif{otf au/df km;L{ ;d"xsf afnLx? nufP/ gub
cfDbfgL u/L hLljsf]kfh{gdf ;'wf/ ug]{ cj;/sf] ?kdf b]lvg yflnPsf] 5 .
dxTjM gbL vf]nf lsgf/sf
hUufnfO{ pkof]uaf6 cfDbfgL ul/ :yfgLo ;d'bfosf] hLjg:t/df ;'wf/ Nofpg, gbL
lsgf/sf] kof{j/0fdf ;'wf/ Nofpg, h}ljs ljljwtf sfod ug{sf ;fy} hnjfo' hGo
hf]vLdsf nflu cg's'ng Ifdtf a9fpg ;d]t au/ v]tL dxTjk"0f{ dflgG5 . au/
v]tL t/fO{–dw]zsf lhNnfx?df k|z:t} ug{ ;lsg] ;+efjgf /x]sf] 5 .
hUufsf] 5gf}6 M gbL lsgf/ tyf
5]p–5fpdf / jg If]q leq ;fj{hlgs hUufdf au/ v]tL ug]{ rng /x]sf] 5 . gbLn]
aufP/ NofPsf dl;gf] afn'jf / kfuf]+ df6f] ldl;Psf] hUuf au/ v]tLsf] nflu pko'St
x'G5 . af6f]sf] ;'ljwf ePsf] tyf jGo hLjhGt'af6 hf]ufpg ;lsg] vfn] hUuf 5gf}6
ug'{ kb{5 . au/ v]tLsf] nflu gbL k|jfxsf ljkl/t lbzf tkm{ lsQf lsQf af8\g]
vfnsf] tyf r}q a}zfvdf lj?jfsf] h/f hldg d'lg gbLsf] kfgLsf] ;tx jf lr:ofg
e]6g] -cfwf b]lv ! dL6/ ulx/f]_ vfnsf] hUuf pko'St x'G5 .
hUufsf] tof/L tyf vf8n vGg]
t/Lsf M ;'Vvf ofddf gbL vf]nfsf] kfgLsf] ;tx d'lg hfg] x'gfn] afnLx?sf] h/f
kfgLsf] ;tx e]l6g] lsl;dn] hUufsf] tof/L ug'{ kb{5 . au/df ;fwf/0ftof b'O{
t/Lsfaf6 afnL nufO{G5 -s_ gfnL agfP/, / -v_ vfN8f] vg]/ .
s_ gfnL agfpg] t/Lsf M kfgLsf] ;tx sd
ePsf] 7fpFdf gfnL ljlw pko'St x'G5 . 5gf}6 ul/Psf] hUufdf ! ld6/ rf}8f, cfwf
b]lv ! ld6/ ulx/f] / hUuf cg';f/ nfdf] gfnLx? sf]bfnf]n] 58\s] vGg' kb{5 . gfnf
b]lv gfnfsf] b"/L @ b]lv # ld6/ pko'St x'G5 . gfnL k"j{ klZrd lb;fdf
agfpg' kb{5 . o;/L agfpFbf ;"o{sf] k|sfz nfUg'sf ;fy} afn'jf p8]/ gf]s;fg
ub}{g . sd nx/f x'g] afnLM s/]nf, sfFs|f],lv/L @ dL= / a9L nx/f x'g]M km;L{,
t/a'hfsf] b'/L # dL=sf] b'/Ldf /f]kg' kb{5 .
v_ vfN8f] agfpg] t/LsfM b'O{ kmL6 rf}8fO{
@ kmL6 nDafO{ / cfwf b]lv ! ld6/ ulx/f] vf8n sf]bfnf]n] vGg' kb{5 . vf8n b]lv
vf8nsf] b'/L afnL cg';f/ ! b]lv @ ld6/ x'g' kb{5 .
gfnf tyf vf8ndf dn ld;fpg] M cfwf b]lv ! dL6/ ulx/f] vf8ndf ! 6f]s/L -% lsnf]_
kfs]sf] uf]a/ dn afn'jfdf ld;fpg' kb{5 . k|lt vf8n @% u|fd 8L=P=kL= !% u|fd o'/Lof+
/ @)= u|fd Do"/]6 ckm kf]6f; /fVg' kb{5 . o;sf nflu $ lsnf] 8L=P=kL=, %
lsnf] o'/Lof / # lsnf] Do"/]6 ckm kf]6f; k|lt s7\7f cfjZos kb{5 . o;/L dn
k|of]u ubf{ aLp a]gf{ /f]kg' eGbf cuf8L df6f]df /fd|/L ld;fpg' kb{5 . gfnL leq
vf8ndf tf]lsPcg';f/sf] b'/Ldf dn ld;fpg' kb{5 .
nufO{g] afnL tyf ;do M au/ v]tLsf nflu
udL{ ofddf x'g] sfFs|f] km;L{ ;d'xsf afnLx? h:t}M sfFs|f], s/]nf, nf}sf,
lrlr08f, t/a'hf, v/a'hf, k/jn, km;L{, h'lslg / lv/L tyf sf];]afnLdf af]8L
/fd|f];Fu v]tL ug{ ;lsG5 .
au/ v]tLsf nflu gbL vf]nfdf d+;L/sf] klxnf]
xKtfdf vf8n vGg], bf]>f] xKtfdf dn ld;fpg] / clGtd xKtf;Dd aLp /flv ;Sg] ug{'
kb{5 . olb gbLsf] kfgLsf] ;tx dfly tyf sflt{slt/ af9L cfPsf] v08df kf}if klxnf]
xKtfdf kf]nL Jofudf a]gf{ pdf/L df3sf] bf]>f] xKtfdf vlgPsf] vf8n jf gfnfdf
/f]kg' kb{5 .
afnLsf] hft, aLp b/ tyf
nufpg] ljlw M au/ v]tL a]df};ddf ug'{ kg]{ ePsf]n] hnjfo' k|lts'nsf]
cj:yf M w]/}lr;f] tyf t'iff/f], udL{, ;'Vvf ;xg] hftx?sf] cfjZos kg]{ ePsf]n]
hnjfo' k|lts'n cj:yf ;xg] jf cj/f]wL lsl;dsf xfO{lj|8 tyf pGgt hftsf] k|of]u
ug'{ kb{5 .
afnL
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;DefJo Hfftx?
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aLp b/
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sfFsf]
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DfflngL, lgGhf, 8fOgf:6L, a]nL
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s/]nf
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kfnL,
JxfO6 nf}+u, u|Lg nf}+u
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k';f ;d/ k|f]lnlkms n+u, j/b, l;d|Ls
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af]8L #@$, ;nf{xL tg], nfkmf
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aLpnfO{ @$ 306f kfgLdf lehfP/ @ lbg;Dd
sk8f cyjf cl8/sf] kftdf afFw]/ Gofgf] 7fpFdf /fv]kl5 c+s'/0f x'G5 . c+s'/0f
u/fOPsf] aLpnfO{ Ps xKtf cuf8L dn ld;fOPsf] vfN8f] tyf gfnfdf @ b]lv # j6f;Dd @
b]lv # O{Gr ulx/fO{df /f]kg' kb{5 .
5xf/L 5fkf] lbg] M slnnf] lj?jfnfO{
lr;f], Tf'iff/f] jf lztnx/af6 hf]ufpg gfnf tyf vf8nnfO{ pQ/ kl§af6 v/ uf8\g'
kb{5 . h;n] ubf{ blIf0fsf] ;"o{sf] k|sfz / 3fd nfUg] t/ l;wf t'iff/f]
nfUb}g . Knfli6ssf] 6g]n h:tf] jf 6f]kL agfP/ lj?jfnfO{ hf]ufpg' kb{5 .
l;+rfO{ M df};d cg';f/
/f]k]sf] @) jf @@ lbg kl5 cfjZostf cg';f/ $% jf %) lbg;Dd xhf/Ln] lj?jf lj?jfdf
xfNg' kb{5 . ha lj?jf lbp;f] 3fdsf] a]nf cf]Olng 5f8\5 clg lj?jfsf] h/f gbL
vf]nfsf] kfgLsf] ;tx k'u]sf] a'lemG5 . h/f kfgLsf] ;txdf gk'luGh]n kfgLsf]
cfjZoStf a9L kb{5 .
dn vfb M /f]Kg] a]nf afx]s
lgDgcg';f/sf] dnvfb lsgf/fdf xfNg k5{ .
dnvfb
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ls=u|f=÷
s7\7f
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k|of]u ljlw
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o"/Lof
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k|lt
af]6 @% u|f= /f]k]sf] #% / ^% lbgdf ;fO8df 3]/f agfP/ .
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k|lt
af]6 $) u|f= /f]k]sf] ^% lbgdf ;fO8df 3]/f agfP/ .
|
lj?jfsf] j[l4 / km"n / kmn agfpgsf]
nflu ljleGg lj?jfa4{s ;'IdtTjx? h:t}M ld/fs'nfg jf lsKnfg ! ld=ln=/ dN6LKn]S;
@–# ld=ln= k|lt ln6/ kfgLsf] b/n] /f'k]sf] #)–#% lbgkl5 !% b]lv @) lbgsf]
cGt/fndf :k|] ug'{ kb{5 .
5fkf] lbg] M lj?jfsf] kft tyf
kmn jfnjf'df 6fFl;g glbg tyf kmndf bfu
nfUg glbgsf nflu lj?jf ! dlxgf ePkl5 , lemqmf, xf+uf, v/, pv'Fsf] kft, vh'/sf]
kft, emf/kft, cflb k|of]u ug{' kb{5 . o;n] xfFuf, kft tyf kmn glju|g'sf ;fy}
afn'jfdf ePsf] lr:ofg a9L dfqfdf sfod /fVb5 . o;n] lj?jfsf] nx/f km}lng ;xof]u ug'{sf ;fy} xfjfx'/Ln] lj?jf pN6fpg
lbb}g . gfnL ljlwdf 5fkf] nufpFbf gfnLsf] l8n ldnfP/ pQ/ lsgf/fdf 5fkf] lbg'
kb{5 .
sf65fF6 M sfFsf, km;L{,
nf}sf, s/]nf, t/a'hf, lvl/ cflb pld|Psf] ! dlxgfkl5 nx/f ! b]lv @ kmL6 nfdf]
cj:yfdf k|lt af]6 $ j6f nx/f /fvL c? nx/fsf] 6'Kkf] sf6\bf xfFuf rf/}lt/
km}lng] / a9L kmn lbg] ub{5 .
/f]u Joj:yfkg M au/ v]tLdf vf;u/L
efO{/;, lhjf0f' /
9';Laf6 x'g] /f]ux?af6 a9L k|efljt xg] ub{5 . efO{/; /f]u nfu]df kft v'lDrg],
u'hd'lhg], af]6 cf]Onfpg], kmndf bfu nfUg] nIf0fx? nfuL af]6 dg]{ ub{5 . o;sf]
nflu /f]ud"St aLpsf] k|of]u ug]{ / Joj:yfkg ug{ /f]uf]/ jf 8]l;; @ ld=ln=
k|lt ln6/ kfgLsf] b/n] :k|] ug]{ .
9';Laf6 nfUg] a]gf{ s'lxg] /f]u aLp /
df6f]af6 ;g]{ ub{5 / 8fF7 s'x]/ af]6 dg]{ ub{5 . of] /f]uaf6 arfpg lj?jf afSnf]
nufpg' x'b}{g . h}ljs 9'l:fgf;s
6«fOsf]8/df lel/8] % u|fd k|lt lsnf] aLpsf] b/n] pkrf/ ug]{ . ;f] geodf aljl:6g
$ u|fd k|lt lsnf] aLp pkrf/ ug]{ . /f]u Joj:yfkg ug{ ;fkm jf aljl:6g jf
lqmnf]S;Ln @ u|fd k|lt ln6/ kfgLsf] b/n] :k|] ug]{ .
km;L{ hftsf] t/sf/Ldf kfp8/L tyf 8fpgL
ldN8\o' 9';Laf6 nfUg] kftsf] tNnf] ;txdf hfnf] tyf kftdf kfp8/ h:tf] b]lvg] / kft
kFx]lng] x'G5 . o;sf] Joj:yfkg ug{ /f]uL af]6 x6fpg] / af]6 kftnf] nufpg'sf
;fy} ;fkm jf 8fOy]g Pd $% jf s]/fy]g !–@
ld=ln= k|lt ln6/ kfgLsf] b/n] :k|] ug]{ .
sL/f Joj:yfkg M kmns'xfpg]
cf};fsf] dfpn] kmn, km"n / 8fF7df km"n kfg]{ / cf}+;fn] kmn vfP/
s'xfpg] ub{5 . o;sf] jo:s efn]nfO{ of}g hGo kf;f] -km]/f]df]g 6«ofk # jf $
kf;f] k|lt s7\7f 7fpF 7fpFdf /fVg' kb{5 .
/ftf] vk6] sL/f df6f]df a:g] / nfef{n]
kft, 8fF7, km"ndf c;/ kf/L af]6 dg]{ ePsf]n] Snf]/f]kfO/Lkmf]; jf g'efg @
ld=ln= k|lt ln6/ kfgLsf] b/n] :k|] ug]{ .
8fF7sf] ujf/f]sf] nfef{n] 8fF7leq ;'/+u
agfO{ vfg] ug]{ / kl5 lj?jf dg]{ x'G5 . /f]uf]/ @ ld=ln= k|lt ln6/ kfgLsf] b/n]
:k|] ug]{ .
afnL l6kfO{ tyf ahf/
Jo:yfkgM afnL l5lk;s]kl5 sfFs|f], s/]nf, lvl/ ;dodf ljxfg xl;ofn]
e]6gf] sf6]/ l6Kg' kb{5 . t/a'hf / km;L{ /ftf] ePkl5 tyf xftn] ahfpFbf cfjfh
cfPdf l6Kg' kb{5 .
ahf/sf] b"/Lcg';f/ afnL l6Kg] tyf
l6k]sf] pTkfbg, ';fO{h, /+u, cfsf/ k|sf/, /f]uL lg/f]uL, cflbsf] cfwf/df u|]l8u+
u/L pko"St efF8f]df /fd|/L Kofs]lhË ug{' k5{ . pTkfbgnfO{ ;'ne t/Lsfn]
ahf/df k'Øf{O ljlqm ljt/0f ug'{ kb{5 .
;DefJo pTkfbg / cfDbfgLM safnLsf] pTkfbg
afnLsf] hft, df}zd tyf afnL Joj:yfkgdf e/ kb{5 .
afnL
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pTkfbg ls=÷s7\7f
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;+efJo las|L b/ ?=
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?= -xhf/_
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t/a'hf
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– !@))
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!*
–@%
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;fjwfgLM au/df t/sf/L v]tL ubf{ 5f8f kz'kfng, /f]usL/fsf] k|sf]k, rf]/L tyf l;rfO{df ljz]if
Wofg lbg' kb{5 .
Prepared &
published by: Climate Change Adaptation in Agriculture Project
(GCP/NEP/070/LDF)
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