विषादीकाे संक्षिप्त जानकारी

ljiffbLsf] स;+lIfKt hfgsf/L

ls6gfzs ljiffbL

cuf{gf]Snf]/Lg ;d'x

s_ O08f];Nkmfg #%∞ O=;L=, $∞ w'nf] / $∞ bfgf

o;n] zq' ls/fnfO{ df5{ / ldq ls/fnfO{ arfp“5 . of] ;Dks{ ljifsf] ;fy} xNsf w'jfpg] vfnsf] ljiffbL xf] .

sfdM of] ljifn] nfxL, kt]/f], ujf/f], km8\s] ls/f, km]b sf6\g] ls/f, em'l;n ls/f cflbnfO{ lgoGq0f u5{ . o;n] ;'n;'n]af6 x'g] ;+qmd0faf6 arfp“5 . of] :tgwf/L k|f0fLsf] nflu sd ljiffn' 5 / o;n] s'g} lsl;dsf] ljiffn' cjz]if 5f]8\b}g . of] Pp6f ;'/lIft ljiffbL xf] kmn:j?k km;L{ ;d'xsf t/sf/L tyf cGo t/sf/L afnLdf ;lhnf];“u k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 .

Jofkf/Ls gfdM yfof]l8g, O08f];]n

cuf{gf]kmf]:kmf]/; ;d'x

;Dks{ / cfGt/Ls -vfP/ nfUg]_ ljiffbL

s_ 8fOSnf]/f]ef]; jf 8L=8L= eL=kLM @), %) / !)) ∞ O{=;L=

sfd M of] df5fsf] nflu dWod vfnsf] / dfx'/L nfO{ w]/} laiffn' ljiffbL xf] . of] jftfj/0fdf w]/} ;do ;Dd /x“bf l5§} c;/ 36\5 . of] ;Dks{ / cfGt/Ls ljiffbLsf] ;fy} w'jfpg] vfnsf] lqmof klg u5{ . of] ls/fsf] z/L/ leq k;L l5§} dfg]{ sfo{ u5{ . of] ;'/lIft/ l5§} l6Kg ;lsg] t/sf/L afnLdf k|of]u ug]{ ljiffbL xf] . o;sf] cjz]ifsf] c;/ @$ b]lv #^ 306f dfq xf] . o;nfO{ 3/sf] / dfgj :j:Yo;“u ;DalGwt ls/fx? h:t} M lem+uf, nfdv'§] cflb ;fy} e08f/0fsf] ls/f dfg{ k|of]u u/LG5 . of] k'tnL ;d'xsf] nfef{, kftvfg] ls/f, r';fxf ls/f / ;'n;'n] dfg{ klg k|efjsf/L dflgPsf] 5 .

Jofkf/Ls gfdM g'efg, e}kf]g, 8]8]efk, gf]u];, ;'Snf]/ cflb .

v_ dfnflyogM %)∞ O{=;L=, %∞ w'nf] , %)∞ 3'Ng] kfp8/ / !)∞ bfgf

sfd M of] Pp6f ;'/lIft ljiffbL ePsf] x'gfn] e08f/0fdf nfUg] ls/fsf] nflu / t/sf/L tyf cGg afnLdf nfUg] ls/fsf] nflu pko"St 5 . o;sf] dfg{ ;Sg] Ifdtf &@ 306f xf] / o;sf] k|efjsf/Ltf hDdf & lbg ;Dd /xG5 .

Jofkf/Ls gfd M ;fO{lyog, dfnflyog cflb .

u_ kf/flyogM %)∞ O{=;L=, @% 3'ngl;n kfp8/ / @∞ w'nf]

sfd M of] ;Dks{ / cfGt/Ls ljif xf] . o;sf] k|of]uaf6 xNsf w'jfp“g] lqmof klg x'G5 . of] dfgjx?sf] nflu clt vt/gfs x'G5 . of] ljiffbLn] w]/} k|sf/sf] ls/fx? / ;'n;'n]nfO{ df5{ .   o;sf] k|of]u afnL lng' eGbf slDtdf ! dlxgf cl3 aGb ug'{ k5{ .

Jofkf/Ls gfd M kmf]ln8fn Pd, d]6fl;8 %), d]nfkmf]; cflb .

3_ d]yfOn kf/flyog -O{=;L= jf w'nf]sf] ?kdf_

sfd M of] :tgwf/L k|f0fLsf] nflu sd ljiffSt x'G5 t/ kf/flyog eGbf ls/fx?sf] nflu w]/} laiffn' x'G5 . of] r';fxf / rkfpg] ls/fx?sf] nflu w]/} k|efjsf/L x'G5 .

Jofkf/Ls gfd M kmf]ln8fn Pd, d]6fl;8 %), d]nfkmf]; cflb .

ª_ kmf]lg6«f]lyogM %)∞ O{=;L=, @, #, %∞ w'nf] , / %∞ bfgf

sfd M of] ;Dks{ / cfGt/Ls ljif xf] h'g w]/} k|sf/sf] ls/f / ;'n;'n] lgoGq0f ug{df k|efjsf/L x'G5 . d'VotM wfgsf]  ls/fx? / nfdv'§]sf] nfef{, p8';, h'd|f / plkof“ cflb df5{ . of] dfx'/Lsf] nflu ljiffn' / ;:o"{ ;d'xsf afnL, :ofp skf;sf nflu jfg:klts laiffn' x'G5 .

Jofkf/Ls gfd M n]jfyfl;8, jfo6]S;, l6u'dg, 8Nkm cflb .

r_ Snf]/km]glygkmf];M @$ O{=;L=, %) O{=;L=,/ !)∞ bfgf

sfd M of] w]/} lj:tf/} kfgLsf] pkl:ytLdf ;8\5 of] ck|Hjngl;n xf] . of] ;Dks{ k|sf/sf] ljif xf] / s]xL cj:yfdf la?jfsf] Ps efuaf6 csf]{ efudf k'U5 . of] lem+uf ;d'x, k'tnL ;d'x / vk6] ;d'xsf] ls/fx? dfg{ w]/} pkof]uL dflgG5 . of] Snf]/Lg]6]8 xfO{8«f]sfa{gaf6 cj/f]w ePsf] ls/fsf] nflu k|efjsf/L 5 .

Jofkf/Ls gfd M la/n}g, ;'kf]gf, ;}k]sf]g cflb .

@= b}lxs ljiffbL -cuf{gf]kmf:kmf]/; ;d'x_

s_ kmf]:kmf]ld8gM !)) O{= ;L=

sfd M of] b}lxs ljiffbL xf] / cfGt/Ls ljifsf] h:tf] sfd u5{ t/ o;df w]/} sd ;Dks{ ljifsf] lqmof x'G5 . of] df5fsf] nflu dWod vfnsf] t/ dfx'/L nfO{ w]/} laiffn' ljiffbL dflgG5 . of] w]/} r';fxf, rkfpg] ls/f / vGg] ls/fsf] nflu / ;'n;'n] dfg{ klg k|efjsf/L dflgPsf] 5 . o;nfO{ clt ;'Id cfotg :k|] ljgf kfgL ld;fP/ klg 5g{ ;lsG5 .

Jofkf/Ls gfd M 8fO{d]qmf]g .

v_ dfgf]qmf]6f]kmf];M @)) – $)) u|F= ;lqmo tTj k|lt ln= emf]n

sfd M of] cfGt/Ls / ;Dks{ vfnsf] ljiffbL xf] / o;df b}lxs lqmof klg x'G5 . of] nfxL, lsyf]{ -ly|K;_ kft vfg] ls/f, ujf/f], ;'n;'n] la?4 k|efjsf/L ljif dflgG5 . of] dfx'/Lsf] nflu ljiffSt x'G5 .

Jofkf/Ls gfd M g'efqmf]g, ;'kmf]; cflb .

u_ SjLgf]nkmf];M @% O{=;L=, %∞ bfgf

sfd M o;n] ;a} k|sf/sf] ls/f df5{ . of] cfGt/Ls / ;Dks{ ljiffbL xf] . of] ;'n;'n] lj?4 w]/} k|efjsf/L l;4 ePsf] 5 .

Jofkf/Ls gfd M Ïnf; .

3_ kmf]/]6M % / !)∞ bfgf

sfd M of] cfb|{tfsf] pkl:ytLdf /fd|f];“u 3'Ng ;Sg] ljiffbL xf] . of] lgDg k|sf/sf ;]tf] v'd|] ls/f, wld/f / wfgsf] h/fsf] 3'g dfg{ k|efjsf/L ljiffbL dflgG5 . of] dflg; / ls/fx?sf] nflu clt laiffn' dflgG5 .

Jofkf/Ls gfd M lyd]6 .

ª_ 8fO{d]yf]P6M #), $), %) O{=;L= @) kfp8/, #∞ w'nf]

sfd M b}lxs / ;Dks{ vfnsf] ljif xf] . of] r';fxf ls/f ;'n;'n] tyf kmnsf] le+muf dfg{sf] nflu pkof]uL ljiffbL dflgG5 . of] Hjf/ - h'g]nf]_ sf] nflu jfg:klts ljiffSt ljif dflgG5 .

Jofkf/Ls gfd M /f]uf]/, /f]uf]lxt, kmf];kmfdfO8, /f]lS;g, ;fOuf]g cflb .

#= sfaf]]]]{d]6 ;d'x M

s_ sfaf{/Ln

sfd M of] ;a} k|sf/sf] ls/f h'g Snf]/Lg]6]8 xfO{8«f]sfa{g ;d'xsf ljiffbLaf6 cj/f]w ePsf] ls/fsf] nflu k|efjsf/L dflgG5 . of] ;Dks{ / cfGt/Ls vfnsf] ljif xf] . ;fy} o;sf] cjz]if w]/} ;do;Dd /lx/G5 . @=%∞ w'nf] dflg;x?sf] h'd|f dfg{ k|of]u u/LG5 . %∞ hgfj/sf] ls/f, plkof“, lsgf{, ;'n;'n] dfg{ k|of]u u/LG5 . of] skf; g/Ljn / t/sf/Lx?sf] ls/f dfg{ k|of]u u/LG5 .

Jofkf/Ls gfd M ;]ljg

v_ sfaf]{o"/fgM &% kfp8/ @, #, / !) u|f= bfgf

sfd M of] b}lxs lsl;dsf] ljif xf] . of] r';fxf ls/f, lsyf]{ -ly|K;_ ;'n;'n] / df6f]sf] ls/f h:t} wfgsf] h/fsf] 3'g, ds}sf] h/fsf] ujf/f], pk|mg] vk6] / v'd|] ls/f cf}+;f, h'sf la?4 k|efjsf/L ljif dflgG5 .

Jofkf/Ls gfd M km\o"/f8g .

u_ PN8Lsfj{M !)∞ bfgf

sfd M of] b}lxs lsl;dsf] ljif xf] . of] ;'n;'n]gf;s / h'sfgf;s ljif xf] . o;nfO{ la?jfn] l56f] zf]if0f ug{ ;S5 .

Jofkf/Ls gfd M 6]lds .

3_ 9';Lgf;s ljiffbL

s_ ;Nkm/ -uGws_M w'nf], n]bf]

sfd M of] w'nf] lk7f] /f]u, l;Gb'/] /f]u, l;t] 9';L /f]u kfsf] yf]Kn] /f]u, clDnokg cfn'sf] df6f]], cfn'sf] bfb -v;|f] /f]u_ df k|of]u u/LG5 . o;n] ;'n;'n] klg df5{ .

Jofkf/Ls gfd M ;Nkm/ kfp8/, yfof]le6, sf/fyfg cflb .

v_ DofGsf]h]a

sfd M of] 9';Lgf;s ljiffbL cfn' / 6df6/sf] cuf}6] / k5f}6] 89'jf, l;ld / d6/sf] l;+b'/] /f]u, l;dLsf] lzt] 9';L /f]u, PGy|}Sgf]h, tf]/L ;d'xsf] ;]tf] l;+b'/] /f]u, v';f{gLsf] kfSg] ;8\g] /f]u, e06fsf] 89'jf tf]/L ;d'xsf] yf]Kn] /f]u, lzt] 9';L /f]u, bfb / :ofpsf] w'jf“;] /f]u, yf]Kn] /f]u -abfd_ / lap pkrf/ ug{ w]/} pkof]uL x'G5 .

dfqf M @ b]lv # u|f= k|lt ln6/ kfgLdf !) – !@ lbgsf] cGt/df 5g]{ .

Jofkf/Ls gfdM 8fO{y]g Pd= $%, O08f]lkmn Pd= $%, ls;fg Pd= $% cflb .

u_ lhg]j

sfd M of] ;fwf/0ftof cfn' / 6df6/sf] kftsf] yf]Kn], 89'jf -cuf}6] / k5f}6]_ l;+b'/] kft u'hd'h], v';f{gLsf] dflyaf6 dg]{ / kfSg] ;8\g] /f]udf kftdf :k|] ug{ / d]jfsf] 8f“7 s'lxg] -8}lDks ckm_ / h/f s'lxg] /f]udf h/fdf pkrf/ ug{ k|of]u u/LG5 .

dfqf M @ b]lv # u|f= k|lt ln6/ kfgLdf !) – !@ lbgsf] cGt/df 5g]{ .

Jofkf/Ls gfd M lhg]j, 8fOy]g Pd= &*, kf/h]6 ;L=

3_ sk/ cf]S;LSnf]/fO8M

sfd M o;df %)∞ tfdf wft' kfOG5 . of] kftsf] /f]u h:t} cfn'sf] 89'jf / PGy|}Sgf]h, v';f{gL dflyaf6 dg]{, kfSg] / ;8\g] a];f/sf] kftsf] yf]Kn] tyf 8f“7 s'lxg] /f]udf df6f] pkrf/ ug{ k|of]u u/LG5 .

dfqf M @ b]lv # u|f= k|lt ln6/ kfgLdf !) – !% lbgsf] cGt/df 5g]{ .

Jofkf/Ls gfd M kmfO6f]nfg,AnfO6f]S; %), An' sf]k/, So"/]S; .

ª_ ;]/];fg Pd=M -&=&∞_

sfd M dl;gf] aLpx?sf] nflu aLp pkrf/ ug{ k|of]u u/LG5 .

dfqf M ! u|f= k|lt s]=hL= aLpsf] b/n] /fVg] .

r_ Pufnf]n, P/]6fg, ;]/];fg leu]sf

sfd M t/sf/Lx? tyf cGg afnL, cfn', ;v/v08 / pv'sf] aLp pkrf/ ug]{ .

dfqf M ! u|f= k|lt s]=hL= aLpsf] b/n] /fVg] .

5_ g]dfkmf];M g]dfuf]g

sfd M h'sfnfO{ dfg{ k|of]u u/LG5 .

dfqfM %)) b]lv ^)) u|f= k|lt s¶fsf] b/n] df6f]df /fVg] .

h_ sfaf{G8flhg

sfd M o;sf] k|of]u w]/} k|sf/sf] /f]uaf6 arfpg u/LG5 h:t} kftsf] yf]Kn], 89'jf s'lxg] bfb tyf w]/} df6f] tyf aLp hlgt 9';L /f]u cflb . of] aLp pkrf/ ug{  cfn' / pv' /f]Kg' cl3 aLp pkrf/ ug{ k|of]u u/LG5 . of] b}lxs ljiffbL xf] .

dfqf M aLp pkrf/ ug{ ! u|f= k|lt s]=hL= aLpsf] b/n] /fVg] . kftdf 5g{ k/] !=% u|f= k|lt ln= kfgLsf] b/n] !% lbgsf] cGt/fndf 5g{ ;lsG5 .

Jofkf/Ls gfd M a]gfuf8{, aljl:6g, So"/]6/ cflb .

em_ 6«fO8]df]km{

sfdM of] b}lxs 9';Lgf;s ljiffbL xf] . o;n] nf}sf ;d'xsf] t/sf/L / d6/ s]/fpsf] w'nf] 9';L /f]u dfg{ dbt u5{ ;fy} s]/fsf] kftsf] Roftg] /f]u / k“x]nf] l;+b'/] /f]u l7s u5{ .

dfqf M ! b]lv @ ld=ln= k|lt ln= kfgLsf] b/n] 5g]{ .

Jofkf/Ls gfd M s}lnlS;g .

`_ d]6nclS;n

sfd M of] b}lxs ljiffbL xf] . o;n] w]/}h;f] 9';Laf6 x'g] /;f]uaf6 arfp“5 . o;n] 89'jf, cf]Olng], l;+b'/] /f]u, ;8\g] cflb /f]ux? lgoGq0f u5{ .

dfqfM ! b]lv @ u|f= k|lt ln= kfgLsf] b/n] 5g]{ .

Jofkf/Ls gfd M l/8f]ldn, d}6sf], lqmnflS;n cflb .

Ps bh{g k|ltalGwt ljiffbLx?

!= Snf]/f]8]g	&= dL/]S;
@= 8L=8L=6L=	*= 6fS;fkm]g
#= 8fOcN8«Lg	(= la=Pr=;L=
$= OG8«Lg	!)= lnG8]g
%= cN8«Lg	!!= km:kmfld8f]g
^= x]K6fSnf]/	!@= cuf{gf] ds{/L Snf]/fO8

ljiffbLsf] ;xL 5gf}6 ug]{ bz t/Lsfx?M

!= sfg"gn] k|ltalGwt u/]sf ljiffbL g5fGg] .

@= sd laiffSttf ePsf x/Lof] lgnf] ;+s]t ePsf ljiffbL 5fGg] .

#= yf]/} lbg kv{g'kg]{ eP sd cjz]if /xg] ljiffbL 5fGg] .

$= jftfj/0fdf -df5f, df}/L, kfgL, df6f], xfjf, r/f, hgfj/ cflbdf_  yf]/} dfq k|b'if0f ug]{ ljiffbL 5fGg] .

%= ldq ls/fx?nfO{ sd c;/ ug]{ ljiffbL 5fGg] .

^= ls/fn] cj/f]ws Ifdtf l5§} ljsf; ug{ g;Sg] vfnsf] ljiffbL 5fGg] .

&= zq' hLj dfg{ k|efjsf/L ljiffbL 5fGg] .

*= yf]/} dfqfdf jf w]/} k6s k|of]u x'g] jf sd k};f kg]{ ljiffbL 5fGg] .

(= :yflgo k;ndf k|fKt x'g] Dofb ggf3]sf] ljiffbL 5fGg] .

!)= af]tn k"0f{ ?kdf aGb ePsf], g]kfnLdf krf{ ePsf], l;n gtf]8]sf], nfO;]G; 

-Ohfht_ kfPsf] Jofkf/Ln] lalqm u/]sf] ljiffbL dfq lsGg] .

s[lif k|ljlwsn] l;kmf/L; u/]sf] ljiffbL dfq k|of]u ug]{ .